https://dba.stackexchange.com/questions/52632/difference-between-sharding-and-replication-on-mongodb
Sharded Cluster
When you want to split your data of 75GB into 3 shards of 25GB each, you need at least 6 database servers organized in three replica-sets. Each replica-set consists of two servers who have the same 25GB of data.
Sharded Cluster
/ | \
Shard A Shard B Shard C
/ \ / \ / \
+-------+ +---------+ +-------+ +---------+ +-------+ +---------+
|Primary| |Secondary| |Primary| |Secondary| |Primary| |Secondary|
| 25GB |=| 25GB | | 25 GB |=| 25 GB | | 25GB |=| 25GB |
+-------+ +---------+ +-------+ +---------+ +-------+ +---------+
You also need servers for the arbiters of the three replica-sets as well as the mongos router and the config server for the cluster. The arbiters are very lightweight and are only needed when a replica-set member goes down, so they can usually share the same hardware with something else. But Mongos router and config-server should be redundant and on their own servers.